Карл Поппер Открытое общество и его враги

Sir Karl Raymond Popper (1902 - 1994) was an Austrian and British philosopher and sociologist. One of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century. He is the founder of the philosophical concept of critical rationalism.

In his most famous work, he analyzes the role of Plato, Hegel and Marx in shaping the ideological basis of totalitarianism. Claims for knowledge of the "objective laws" of history and a radical transformation of society on a "scientific basis" are criticized. The development of the ideas of a democratic "open society" since antiquity is considered in detail.

Some of Popper's conclusions: 1. Marx failed as a prophet. In fact, he had a vague idea of ​​what was to come. Marx was sure that in the future the influence of the state would weaken, but the opposite happened. 2. No society today can remain closed for a long time, because a closed society inevitably becomes backward and weak in all respects.

This work by Popper was recognized as one of the hundred best scientific books of the 20th century.