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О чайной церемонии калмыков. На русс., калм. и англ. Яз. (проект газеты "Хальмг унн")

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Хабунова Е.

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The Kalmyks know a legend in which the origin of tea is associated with the name of the religious reformer Tsongkhava. The legend was written down by the author of the article in 1980 from the informant Ovshin Erenjen (1918-1988). A version of this legend is available in the Halmg tuuls collection (vol. 3, Elista, 1972, p. 6). It says that once Tsongkhava fell ill and turned to a famous doctor. He prescribed one drink for him, calling it "divine" (deedsin idan), and recommended that Tsongkhava drink it on an empty stomach for seven days. Following the doctor's instructions, on the seventh day, which coincided with the 25th day of the month of the leopard according to the lunar calendar, Tsongkhava got rid of the disease. On this occasion, he ordered all believers to light a lamp for the Burkhans that day, add one year to their age (neg nas zuuh) and prepare a drink that healed him, later called by the Kalmyks “halmg tsә” (җomba). Since then, according to legend, the Kalmyks began to celebrate the Zul holiday, on which Kalmyk tea became the most revered drink. And in memory of the miraculous healing, they began to make a daily tea ritual - an offering to the deities (deeҗ өrglһn). In another legend (Halmg tuuls, vol. 2. Elista, 1968, pp. 222-223) it is said that tea was known long before our ancestors joined meat dishes; Then there was a ban on the use of meat food. And so one lama decided to create plant foods that would not be inferior in calories to meat dishes. For this purpose, he recited a special prayer for thirty days. According to legend, on the thirtieth day, thanks to the prayerful invocations of the lama, the miraculous culture sprouted. So the Kalmyks got tea, which became the most revered food. The day began with it, not a single holiday could do without it. A special attitude to tea as a “divine drink” (deedsin idan) determined the specifics of the Kalmyk tea ritual. There are many canons related to the ceremony of preparing and offering Kalmyk tea. We will focus on just a few. It is considered a good omen when a person is lucky enough to get to someone for morning tea. On this occasion, the owners of the house say: “San kүүnә amn tosta” (A good person always ends up on hearty food). The hosts specially invite the visitor to take part in the morning tea. As a rule, Kalmyks never refuse such an invitation, because they associate a successful solution of the started cases with morning tea, which is confirmed by folk wisdom: “Orүn tsә uuһad һarkhla, kerg kutskh” (If you drink tea in the morning, things will be fulfilled).

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Publisher ГУ "Ред. газеты "Чальмг унн". Элиста. 2010
Bookbinding мягкий переплет, 16 стр. 20×29 cm., мелованная бумага, иллюстрации,

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