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The book by E. Kaldellis explores political concepts in Byzantium and how these concepts were embodied in political practice, namely, how the democratic essence of Byzantine power, dating back to Roman republican institutions, manifested itself in imperial Byzantium, who was the political sovereign in Byzantium (the people), how other political forces, groups and individuals acted with respect to him. The author focuses on the period of the XI-XII centuries. as the most vividly presented in the sources, but traces the continuity of the existence of the same ideas and practices at an earlier time, starting from the 5th century. Kaldellis refutes the well-known prejudices about the authoritarian method of government in Byzantium, which still dominate both in scientific literature and among the general readership. The book of Kaldellis is published together with the book by V. E. Valdenberg “The State Structure of Byzantium until the End of the 7th Century” (1932) (1st edition - 2008, according to the manuscript stored in the Archives of the Academy of Sciences) - due to the coincidence of the conclusions of both scientists. The Russian Byzantine scholar Waldenberg (1871-1940) traced the preservation of the democratic principle of the power of the ancient Roman emperor (delegated to him by the Roman people) in Byzantium and its reflection in Byzantine legislation (the Code of Justinian). Both books are intended for specialists in Byzantine history and law, and for all those interested in Byzantine history.