Тотальные организации и терроризм: фатальная связь

This book is about organizations of the totalitarian type, that is, those that have many of the characteristics of totalitarian states, but do not have state power. They are sometimes called total organizations. The authors consider several typical types of such organizations: mafia, ideological-terrorist and religious-cult, and build their simplified models. Such a consideration helps to abstract from the insignificant differences between these organizations and reveal their deep similarities and even kinship. All of them, despite external differences, have a very simple three-layer structure, which is most easily seen in the example of a mafia organization: this is the “dome”, the executive apparatus and the privates (“soldiers” or “buttons”, using mafia terminology). Understanding this structure and the similarity in the functioning of all the listed types of total organizations can be useful in the fight against terrorist organizations of the 21st century. Indeed, one of the characteristic features of modern terrorism is its transformation from the terrorism of individuals, groups and small communities at the beginning of the 20th century to the terrorism of numerous hierarchical total organizations at its end. The main reason for this evolution is, as shown in the proposed book, its organizational connection with totalitarian states. This relationship can be traced throughout the twentieth century. This book explores the relationship between totalitarian state systems and total organizations, i.e. totalitarianism with totalism. At the same time, it is shown how and why this relationship influenced the change in the nature of terrorism by the beginning of the 21st century, turning the fight against it, in essence, into a third world war with no prospect of its end in the foreseeable future.