И.В Сталин Краткая биография

Stalin (Dzhugashvili), Joseph Vissarionovich, was born on December 21, 1879 in the city of Gori, Tiflis province. His father, Vissarion Ivanovich, a Georgian by nationality, came from peasants in the village of Didi-Lilo, Tiflis province, a shoemaker by profession, later a worker in the Adelkhanov shoe factory in Tiflis. Mother - Ekaterina Georgievna - from the family of a serf peasant Geladze in the village of Gambareuli. In the autumn of 1888, Stalin entered the Gori Theological School. In 1894, Stalin graduated from college and entered the Tiflis Orthodox Theological Seminary the same year. In Russia during these years, on the basis of the development of industrial capitalism and the growth of the labor movement, Marxism began to spread widely. The St. Petersburg Union of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class, created and led by Lenin, gave a powerful impetus to the development of the Social Democratic movement throughout the country. The waves of the working-class movement also reached the Transcaucasus, where capitalism had already penetrated, where the national-colonial oppression was strong. Transcaucasia was a typical colony of Russian tsarism, an economically backward, agrarian country, with strong remnants of serfdom, a country inhabited by numerous nationalities living in stripes, interspersed with each other.