Each nation, like each person, has its own history - the one and only. Some peoples find themselves on the high road of the development of civilization and flourish, others are eliminated or are forced out of the historical process. One can try to recreate the origin and past of some peoples on the basis of a rich material and spiritual heritage, while others leave scientists only minor traces of their former existence. What is the origin of the Lithuanians, a nation living on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea? How did they, the only surviving, along with the Latvians, from the once large group of Baltic tribes, lived several centuries or several millennia ago? What did they take over from their neighbors and what did they give them in turn? The most prominent Lithuanian scholars talk about all this on the basis of data from linguistics, archeology and anthropology in this book.